Acute Pyelonephritis - Imaging features

X-ray :
Radiographic findings include uniform renal enlargement, diminished nephrographic density, delayed calycealopacification, diminished calyceal contrast density, and attenuated and distended pyelocalyceal structures. Rarely, focal calyceal compression may be seen. Dilatation of the collecting system and nodular edema of the pelvis or infundibulum are also reported. A striated nephrogram is a relatively common presentation.Figure 1. Acute pyelonephritis in a patient with clinical symptoms of left-sided acute pyelonephritis an intravenous urography film shows a normal right kidney. The left kidney is enlarged, and the calyces are attenuated (arrows).
IVU shows non enhancement , diminished calyceal density .

USG: Superior pole shows swelling and indistinctness of margins with a focal area of mixed echogenicity.
Figure 3A. (A) In this patient with acute pyelonephritis, ultrasound shows enlargement of the superior pole of the right kidney (arrows) with a mixed echogenic appearance. (B) In the same patient, power Doppler imaging shows decreased arterial flow to this area.
Figure 3B. Power Doppler shows decreased blood flow in the superior pole.


CT Scan: 
Non contrast CT scan abdomen shows area of perinephric stranding 
Figure 4A. Acute pyelonephritis. (A) Perinephric stranding is evident in this patient with pyelonephritis (arrows). (B) This contrast-enhanced CT shows large wedge-shaped areas (arrows) of poor enhancement in the right kidney with minimal perinephric stranding consistent with pyelonephritis. (C) This contrast-enhanced CT scan in the collecting-system phase shows a right-sided striated nephrogramthat is consistent with pyelonephritis.

Contrast Enhanced CT scan  in the nephrographic phase shows decreased contrast uptake and minimal perinehric stranding 
Figure 4B.
Contrast Enhanced CT scan ,collecting system phase shows striated nephrogram.
Figure 4C.



Comments

  1. Reference:
    http://www.appliedradiology.com/Issues/2009/03/Articles/Renal-infections--An-update.aspx

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