Good correlation exists between the size of the prolactinoma and the degree of elevation of the serum PRL. A serum PRL value of 200 ng/mL or greater in the presence of a macroadenoma (>10 mm) is virtually diagnostic of prolactinoma. However, if the serum PRL value is less than 200 ng/mL in the presence of a large pituitary mass lesion, this is more suggestive of hyperprolactinemia occurring secondary to stalk compression by the lesion; it could also indicate the occurrence of the hook effect, which is an artifact in the lab method used to measure prolactin
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